¶ Nupedia
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Nupedia was an online encyclopedia created by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger. It was the predecessor to Wikipedia.[1]
¶ History
Wales hired Sanger to be editor of Nupedia.[1:1] The project launched in March 2000, but saw very slow growth.[2] One of Nupedia's earliest articles was on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), written by Magnus Manske.[3]
During a dinner on January 2, 2001, computer programmer Ben Kovitz introduced Sanger to the concept of "wikis" — webpages which could be edited by anyone.[4] Sanger subsequently proposed to Wales that they incorporate a wiki into their online encyclopedia project.[1:2] On January 10, 2001, Nupedia added its first wiki page.[5]
¶ Wikipedia
Shortly thereafter, Wales and Sanger decided to create a separate project from Nupedia which would allow the general public to participate in adding and editing content.[1:3] On January 11, 2001, Sanger suggested naming the project "Wikipedia."[6] The domain name "Wikipedia.org" was registered on January 13, 2001,[7] and the first edit was made two days later on January 15.[8] Wikipedia's launch was officially announced on January 17, 2001.[9]
Wakes announced the launch of the Wikimedia Foundation on June 20, 2003. The foundation assumed control of Nupedia and Wikipedia along with other related assets previously owned by Bomis.[10]
Nupedia's server crashed in September 2003 and was not restored.[11]
¶ Organization
Nupedia was funded by Bomis, Wales's startup company, which also provided the "initial bandwidth and server needs for the site."[12][13]
¶ Personnel
Nupedia employed a team of writers, editors and peer reviewers, who were listed on the website.[14][15]
| Name | Position | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Larry Sanger | Co-creator and writer | Wikipedia |
| Jimmy Wales | Co-creator | Wikipedia, Bomis |
| Carl A. Anderson | Writer | Michigan State University |
| James Allan Evans | Writer | University of British Columbia (UBC), Royal Society of Canada (RSC) |
| Andrew R. Golding | Writer | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories (MERL) |
| Gisle Hannemyr | Writer | University of Oslo Department of Informatics |
| Christoph Hust | Writer | Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz |
| Jan T. Kim | Editor | Institute for Neuro- and Bioinformatics (INB) |
| Michael Kulikowski | Writer | Pennsylvania State University Department of History |
| Dan Leggate | Editor | UCL School of Parmacy |
| Phillip Lord | Editor | University of Manchester |
| Magnus Manske | Writer | Wellcome Sanger Institute, MediaWiki |
| Andrea Maria Marconi | Editor | Consorzio ZAI, University of Minnesota Biocatalysis/Biodegradation Database, LatoServer.it, KBasic |
| Ramin Nakisa | Editor | University of Oxford |
| Jaime Nubiola | Writer | University of Navarra |
| Mara Parker | Writer | Widener University |
| Nagina Parmar | Writer[16] | University Health Network (UHN), MD Pharma Consulting Group |
| Karl J. Roberts | Writer | Prince George's Community College |
| Stan Seibert | Writer | Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, University of Pennsylvania |
| Stephen Thornton | Writer | - |
| Nancy Tinkham | Writer | Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, Rowan University College of Science & Mathematics |
| Claus O. Wilke | Writer and editor | University of Texas at Austin Department of Integrative Biology, California Institute of Technology |
| Michael Witbrock | Writer | Cycorp, Justsystem Pittsburgh Research Center, Infomedia Digital Library |
¶ External links
Sidener, J. (2004, December 6). Everyone’s Encyclopedia. San Diego Union-Tribune. https://web.archive.org/web/20071011150228/https://signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎ ↩︎
Poe, M. (2006, September). The Hive. The Atlantic. https://web.archive.org/web/20121026045223/http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2006/09/the-hive/305118/?single_page=true ↩︎
Manske, M. (2001, July 16). Polymerase Chain Reaction. Nupedia. https://web.archive.org/web/20011116035247/http://www.nupedia.com/article/short/Polymerase+Chain+Reaction/ ↩︎
Ben Kovitz. (2012, May 3). WikiWikiWeb. https://web.archive.org/web/20170912092040/http://wiki.c2.com/?BenKovitz ↩︎
Sanger, L. (2001, January 10). Nupedia’s wiki: try it out. Nupedia. https://web.archive.org/web/20010506044019/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000678.html ↩︎
Sanger, L. (2001, January 11). Re: [Advisory-l] The wiki... Nupedia. https://web.archive.org/web/20030414021138/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000680.html ↩︎
Wikipedia.org Whois Record. DomainTools. Retrieved May 17, 2012, from https://web.archive.org/web/20120517112035/http://whois.domaintools.com/wikipedia.org ↩︎
Bomis [Office.bomis.com]. (2001, January 15). HomePage. Wikipedia. https://web.archive.org/web/20191019123818/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=908493298 ↩︎
Sanger, L. (2001, January 17). Wikipedia is up! Nupedia. https://web.archive.org/web/20030331101007/http://www.nupedia.com/pipermail/nupedia-l/2001-January/000684.html ↩︎
Wales, J. (2003, June 20). Announcing Wikimedia Foundation. Wikipedia-l. https://web.archive.org/web/20130330033331/https://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2003-June/010743.html ↩︎
Reagle, J. (2010). Nazis and Norms. In Good Faith Collaboration: The Culture of Wikipedia (p. 6). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/8051.003.0004 ↩︎
Chozick, A. (2013, June 27). Jimmy Wales Is Not an Internet Billionaire. The New York Times. http://archive.today/2014.12.11-182232/http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/30/magazine/jimmy-wales-is-not-an-internet-billionaire.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 ↩︎
Russell, K. (2013, June 28). Wikipedia Founded With Revenue From Soft Porn. Business Insider. http://archive.today/2013.07.17-090857/http://www.businessinsider.com/wikipedia-bomis-2013-6 ↩︎
Nupedia Writers. Nupedia. Retrieved October 21, 2001, from https://web.archive.org/web/20011021144403/http://nupedia.com/writers.phtml ↩︎
Editors - Molecular Biology. Nupedia. Retrieved September 17, 2001, from https://web.archive.org/web/20010917160953/http://nupedia.com/editors_detail.phtml?area_n=molbio ↩︎
Nupedia Writers. Nupedia. Retrieved August 10, 2003, from https://web.archive.org/web/20030810201402/http://www.nupedia.com/writers.phtml ↩︎